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Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1992.  Towards an operational definition of Personal Assistance.
"Personal" assistance means that users exercise the maximum control over how services are organised and custom-design their services according to their individual needs, capabilities, life circumstances and aspirations.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2001.  Pressmeddelande 2001-09-17, Taxi för alla - rärlighet åt personer med omfattande funktionshinder.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/taxi010917.html (in Swedish).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Den svarta tisdagen, 17 juni 2003.
Internet publikation URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/ratzka20030618.html (In Swedish).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1999.  A história da sociedade inclusiva na Europa.
Ratzka, Adolf. 1999-11. "A história da sociedade inclusiva na Europa." (In Portuguese.) Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka199911.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2004.  Model National Personal Assistance Policy.
Most people who depend on the help of other persons in the activities of daily living such as getting up in the morning, toileting or bathing face very limited lives in residential institutions or parental homes. How must the ideal national policy for personal assistance look that empowers them to live in the community, as equal and fully participating citizens, taking their rightful place in family, neighborhood and society, with work and families of their own? The European Center for Excellence in Personal Assistance (ECEPA) is a project run by people who themselves depend on personal assistance. This model legislation was formulated using their combined personal experience with personal assistance services in eight European countries. A project of the European Center for Excellence in Personal Assistance (ECEPA).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  Schweden: Betreuung oder Selbstbestimmung - zur Lage von Menschen mit Behinderungen.
Schweden mit seinen 8,5 Millionen Einwohnern erfreut sich des Rufs eines fortschrittlichen Sozialstaats, in dem Menschen mit Behinderungen unter besseren Lebensbedingungen als in den meisten anderen Ländern leben. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/ratzka96a.html (in German)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  Independent Living-rörelsen banade vägen.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  From patient to customer: Direct payments for assistive technology for disabled people’s self-determination.
The author, AT user and activist in the Independent Living movement, claiming that direct payments for AT result in better quality and cost-efficiency than services in kind, suggests a pilot project to test the hypothesis. Plenary paper presented at the 7th European Conference for the Advancement of Assistive Technology, "Shaping the Future", Dublin, Ireland, August 31st – 3rd September 2003. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200308b.html.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1986.  Har samhället råd med oss?
Från "Stiletten" nr. 6/86, december 1986. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/ar198612.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1994.  A brief survey of studies on costs and benefits of non-handicapping environments.
Presentation at the International Congress on Accessibility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 1994. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/cib/cibrio94access.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2017.  Application for funding granted by the Swedish Inheritance Fund for the project Disabled Refugees Welcome.
This is a translated version of the application submitted in July 2016. There were minor revisions and additions made later missing from this document.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1982.  Hemservice - i vems regi?
Artikeln som lanserade begreppen "personlig assistent", "personlig assistans i brukarregi" och föreslog finansiering av personlig assistans genom riksförsäkringsverket. Artikeln publicerades redan redan år 1982 i Svensk Handikapptidskrift. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/ar1982.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1990.  STIL mot hemtjänststalinisterna.
Hur skulle det se ut om kommunen hade monopol på finansieringen, produktionen och fördelningen av bröd? Artikeln illustrerar det tredubbla kommunala monopolet på hemtjänstområde. Artikeln publicerades i DN. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/ar199008.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  Independent Living and Attendant care in Sweden: A Consumer Perspective.
Internet publication URL: http://www.independentliving.org/docs1/ar1986spr.html
PDF icon ar1986spr.pdf (111.55 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Försök med kontantstöd för Personlig Assistans i Slovakien.
I 1997 vann Institutet för Independent Living ett kontrakt för projekt i Slovakiska Republiken inom EU:s PHARE- program för personlig assistans i brukarregi med kontantstöd och för uppbyggnaden av ett integrerat allmänt taxisystem, som tar alla kunder oavsett om de har rörelsehinder och använder rullstol eller ej, med subventioner för kunder med funktionshinder. Artikeln diskuterar de möjligheter och hinder som brukarinitierade och brukarstyrda lösningar möter i post-kommunistiska samhällen. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/slovakiasv.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  Personal assistance policy features for Independent Living:.
What are the important features of a national policy on personal assistance that is to promote "living independently and being included in the community" "with choices equal to others" and to enable persons with disabilities to fulfill their duties and to enjoy their rights as citizens? The presentation identifies the elements of the Swedish Personal Assistance Act of 1994 that have contributed most to the outcome of this widely acclaimed legislation.
Microsoft Office document icon 2012_01_Wien_PPP_Word.doc (47 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2005.  Independent Living Empowers People with Disabilities.
In: Development Outreach. World Bank. July 2005. Reprinted from www1.worldbank.org/devoutreach/article.asp?id=317. The World Bank's magazine "Development Outreach" in a special edition presents articles from governments and international NGOs, illustrating different perspectives and approaches to facing the challenges of disability, and addressing the connection between disability and poverty. In his article about Independent Living Adolf Ratzka defines the concept and its implications for disability policy. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs7/ratzka200507.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1995.  Supporting families in keeping disabled family members at home: Swedish policy instruments.
In Sweden, a disabled family member is likely to represent a burden on the family. Yet the argument can be made that policy instruments, such as those available in Sweden, lessen the impact of a disability on the family and the community. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/InstitutionsCostaRica.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2013.  Independent Living for people with disabilities: from patient to citizen to customer.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Die Schwedische Assistenzreform von 1994.
Vortrag anlässlich der Eröffnung des Europäischen Jahres der Menschen mit Behinderungen In Magdeburg 21. 2. 2003. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200302.html (In German).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka, Elmén Bengt.  1986.  Från redaktionen -"Stiletten" nr. 5/86, november 1986.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/ar198611.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1992.  Personlig Assistans: Ett försök till en operationell definition.
"Personlig" assistans betyder att man som brukare utövar maximal kontroll över hur servicen organiseras och skräddarsyr den enligt sina individuella behov, sin förmåga, livssituation och sina strävanden. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/toolsforpower/tools15b.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  The user cooperative model in personal assistance: The example of STIL, the Stockholm Cooperative for Independent Living.
Origins and description of the first European personal assistance user cooperative, the STIL (Stockholm Cooperative for Independent Living) project as of 1993 which served as model for the Swedish Personal Assistance Reform of 1994 by STIL's founder. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/ratzka199301.html.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka, Larsson Anna.  1993.  Peer Support - En sjöman ber inte om medvind - han lär sig segla.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/peersupport.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Vad kommer LSS innebära för STIL och andra initiativ?
I: Institutet för Independent Living. 1993. "Hemtjänst i omdaning - möjligheter och decentraliseringens och privatiseringens tid, Dokumentation av STIL-hearing Stockholm 1993." Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/stil1993.html#vad (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2007.  Independent Living for people with disabilities: from patient to citizen and customer.
Keynote at the conference in Barcelona 22 October 2007 organized by the Catalan Party Convergéncia i Unió in commemoration of the 25th anniversary of The Spanish Law for Persons with Disabilities of 1982. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs7/ratzka20071022.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1997.  Independent Living and Our Organizations.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/toolsforpower/tools7gr.html (In Greek).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  Personal Assistance empowers persons with disabilities and benefits the national economy.
Direct Payments for Personal Assistance make demand-driven services possible that promote freedom of choice and quality. Supply-driven services, on the other hand, are often monopolistic in-kind services that force users to adapt their lives to the needs of the service provider. The Swedish Personal Assistance Act of 1994 is an example of a Direct Payments policy. Its outcome is discussed as well as its implications for the national economy in times of economic crisis.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Angående Färdtjänstförvaltningens svar på min anmälan om diskriminering - Anmälan hos Handikappombudsmannen.".
Ärende Dnr 2003/990. Internet publication URLs: www.independentliving.org/taxi/ratzka20030911.html och www.independentliving.org/taxi/ratzka20030911.pdf (6 KB). (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Sexualitet och människor med funktionshinder: vad experterna ofta inte känner till.".
For many of us who have extensive disabilities our sexual liberation does not so much depend on sex counselling or mechanical sex aids but on the availability of tax-funded personal assistance services which empower us to take control over our own lives. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/sexuality2.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1994.  Independent Living and the family: The context of Costa Rica and Sweden.".
In the context of the family, Independent Living implies participation in all areas of human life, especially loving relationships, sexuality and parenthood. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/FamilyCRSweden.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2009.  Adolf D. Ratzka, PhD, Interviews and Profiles.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Sexuality and people with disabilities: What experts often are not aware of.
For many of us who have extensive disabilities our sexual liberation does not so much depend on sex counselling or mechanical sex aids but on the availability of tax-funded personal assistance services which empower us to take control over our own lives. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/sexuality.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1990.  Gustav Möller (s) och STIL.
STIL-modellen - maximalt självbestämmande men offentlig finansiering - knyter an till gammal socialdemokratisk tradition. Gustav Möller var svensk socialminister på 40-talet och förordnade den s k kontantlinjen. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/ar1990a.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2009.  Interview with Kalle Könkkölä November 2008.
Internet publication URL: https://www.independentliving.org/kalle_konkkola200811
PDF icon kalle_konkkola200811.pdf (31.76 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Independent Living in der Slowakei.".
1997 wann das Institut für Independent Living Projektverträge in der Slovakischen Republik im Rahmen des EU PHARE Programms für die Einführung eines Models für Persönliche Assistenz mit Bargeldleistungen an die Assistenznehmer sowie eines Models für ein rollstuhlgerechtes, der Öffentlichkeit zugängliches, Taxisystem mit Subventionierung der behinderten Reisenden. Der Artikel diskutiert die besonderen Schwierigkeiten und Möglichkeiten von benutzer-initierten und benutzer-betriebenen Lösungen in post-kommunistischen Gesellschaften. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/slovakiade.html (In German.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2011.  A case for non-discrimination on grounds of ethnicity in government disability policy.
Presentation at National Conference, Commission for Equal Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Beer Sheba, Israel, December 1 2010
PDF icon 2010-12_Beer_Sheba_A_case_for_non-dicrimination_on_the_grounds_of_ethnicity_in_social_insurance.pdf (69.16 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2005.  Independent Living émancipe les personnes en situation de handicap.
Development Outreach. World Bank. Juillet 2005. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs7/ratzka200507f.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  Introduction to direct payments for personal assistance.
For persons with extensive disabilities there are two key requirements: personal assistance and accessibility in the built environment including accessible housing. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/directpay.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  Introduction to direct payments for personal assistance.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Independent Living in Sweden.
Account of the emergence of the Independent Living movement in Sweden, the social policy climate at the time, its struggles, achievements and challenges from the perspective of the person who introduced the independent living concept to Sweden. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200302b.html. In the forthcoming English version of: Alonso, J. Vidal Garcia. 2003. "El Movimiento de Vida Independiente, Experiencias Internacionales." ("The Independent Living Movement: International Experiences.") Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/alonso2003.pdf (In Spanish, PDF, 1.46 MB).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1992.  Tools for Power: A Resource Kit for Independent Living.
The aim of the "Resource Kit" is threefold: (1) to empower disabled individuals and organizations of disabled persons, (2) to serve as a handbook for professionals, and (3) to aid NGO's in their disability work. It was a project of the Independent Living Committee of Disabled Peoples' International.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Vi behöver alternativ till färdtjänsten!.
STIL-modellen som visade sig så framgångsrik på personlig assistans-området kan med fördel användas även på andra områden som t ex individuella resor. Artikeln publicerades i DN i mars 1993. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/ar199303.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1986.  Den lilla skillnaden - Apropå vår omslagsbild.
Från "Stiletten" nr. 4/86, oktober 1986. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/ar198610.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Moderna tider.
Ledare ur STILETTEN Nr. 1 1993. I: Institutet för Independent Living. 1993. "Hemtjänst i omdaning - möjligheter och decentraliseringens och privatiseringens tid, Dokumentation av STIL-hearing Stockholm 1993." Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/stil1993.html#11 (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2008.  Från patient till kund - anförande vid konferensen Fritt val av hjälpmedel Stockholm 30 maj 2008.
Internet publikation URL: www.independentliving.org/ratzkafrittval (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1997.  Independent Living and Our Organizations: A Definition.
We are the last minority to fight for our rights and we will not go away. Even with the most sophisticated prevention, early detection and rehabilitation services there will always be people with disabilities and we have to build our societies in such a way that everybody can live in them with dignity and self-respect. Presentation at the conference "Our Common World" organized by Disability Rights Advocates Hungary in Siofok, Hungary, May 9-11, 1997.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  Personal Assistance and the Crisis: Now is the time to promote Direct Payments for Personal Assistance.
Against the backdrop of the impact of the current economic crisis on persons who depend on practical assistance by other persons with the activities of daily living the author outlines arguments for direct payments for Personmal Assistance services. These services are demand driven, superior in quality and cost-efficiiency to supply driven services such as residential institutions and support the United Nations Convention Article 19 "living independently and being included in the community".
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Selbstbestimmte Mobilität für Menschen mit Behinderung in Schweden?"
Rollstuhlgerechter öffentlicher Fern- und Nahverkehr und Taxidienste statt Sonderlösungen und Sonderfahrdienste sind für die Selbstbestimmung vieler Körperbehinderten im Alltag unumgänglich. Leider sind diese Voraussetzungen in Schweden nicht erfüllt. Ein kürzlich erfolgreich durchgeführtes Versuchsprojekt mit barrierenfreien Taxidroschken im regulären Taxiverkehr konnte wegen des Widerstands der Sonderfahrdienste und der politischen Majorität im Landkreis nicht weitergeführt werden. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200311.html. (In German.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Crip Utopia.
Ironisk science fiction. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/ratzkacusv.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1994.  Independent Living och familjen: ur Costa Ricanskt och Svenskt perspektiv." .
För begreppet familjen innebär konceptet om Independent Living deltagande i ett av de viktigaste områdena i livet; nämnligen kärleksrelationen, sexuallivet och föräldraskapet. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/FamilyCRSwedenSv.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2015.  Accessible cities consist of barrier-free housing.
In this presentation Dr. Adolf Ratzka emphasizes that city and housing planners still do not pay sufficient attention to barrier-free housing for people with disabilities and proposes the goal of general accessibility in the housing stock, in both new construction an renovation. Drawing on Swedish experience he claims that general residential accessibility would also imply savings to society in the form of lower costs due to fewer residential accidents particularly in the older population.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2002.  User control over services as a precondition for self-determination.
Plenary presentation at Danish EU Presidency Seminar on "Quality of Life and Quality in Services for People with Disabilities," Copenhagen, October 31-November 1, 2002. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/ar200210.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2009.  Report from Independent Living seminar in Stockholm 2009: Networks on Personal Assistance and Public Transport Access.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Funktionshindrade protesterar, Dagens Nyheter 2003-06-15 (PDF, 357 KB).
Internet publikation URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/dn20030615.pdf (PDF, 357 KB). (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Inledning på Konferensen om Lagstiftning för Mänskliga Rättigheter, Stockholm, Sweden, 24 augusti 1998.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs1/hr2.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2011.  Personal responsibility as precondition for personal and social change.
Adolf Ratzka, Independent Living Institute, presented at the Second International Conference on Personal Responsibility on the Way to Social Change organized by Jerusalem Center for Independent Living December 2, 2010
PDF icon 2011-05_Personal_responsibility_as_precondition_for_personal_and_social_change.pdf (111.98 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2004.  Een model voor een nationale politiek inzake persoonlijke assistentie.".
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200410a-nl.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  Introduktion till direktutbetalningar för personlig assistans.
För personer med omfattande funktionshinder finns två principiella förutsättningar: personlig assistans och tillgänglighet i den omgivande bebyggelsen, i vilket ingår tillgänglighet i bostaden. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/directpay2.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1995.  Supporting families in keeping disabled family members at home: Swedish policy instruments.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  The prerequisites for de-institutionalization.
Paper presented at the European Congress on Independent Living, Tenerife April 24-26, 2003. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200304.html.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1989.  Personal Assistance: The key to Independent Living.
Keynote address at the conference on personal assistance in Strasbourg, France.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Personal Assistance and Disability Pride.
Adolf Ratzka reflects on disability pride through personal experiences, and the neccessity of personal assistance services to achieve independence and pride. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/pride93.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1999.  European Network on Independent Living: disability rights.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  STIL, the Stockholm Cooperative for Independent Living.
Adolf Ratzka who imported the Independent Living Movement to Sweden provides his view of the origins of STIL, the Stockholm Cooperative for Independent Living, social policy in Sweden in the 1980's and how a change was needed, from the professionally run service culture to self-determination of equal citizens. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka199605.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Kort presentation av Independent Living-rörelsen.
I: Institutet för Independent Living. 1993. "Hemtjänst i omdaning - möjligheter och decentraliseringens och privatiseringens tid, Dokumentation av STIL-hearing Stockholm 1993." Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/stil1993.html#13 (In Swedish.) 
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2008.  Vem sparar i LSS-kommitténs förslag?
Internet publication URL:http://www.independentliving.org/ratzka20081001
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1997.  Eradication of "deviants": the dark side of the Swedish Model.".
Sweden's policy of forced sterilization of disabled people and others shocked the world. Dr. Adolf Ratzka comments on the news. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/Sterilization.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  Personal Assistance: Key to Independent Living as illustrated by the Swedish Personal Assistance Act.
United Nations Human Rights, Office of the High Commissioner, Europe Regional Office convened a meeting in Brussels on May 7 2012 "CRPD and EU Structural Funds: The way ahead for Independent Living" to raise awareness about the violation of CRPD Article 19 "Living independently and being included in the community" by using EU Structural Funds for the construction and maintenance of residential institutions. The paper shows how demand-driven direct payments for Personal Assistance services, not only achieve far superior quality of services than residential institutions resulting in higher quality of life for service users at lower costs but also affect a country's economy more favorably. Thus, violating Article 19 of the CRPD is not only illegal but also wasteful in terms of human and monetary capital.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2004.  The Swedish Personal Assistance Act of 1994.
Adolf Ratzka (Director of the Independent Living Institute), personal assistance and ventilator user for over 40 years, describes the features of the Swedish Personal Assistance Act of 1994 using his personal example as an illustration for the possibilities the policy opens up for people with extensive disabilities. Keynote address, Japanese Ventilator Users’ Network Symposium, Tokyo, 2004-06-23. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka20040623.html. Japanese version (PDF, 209 KB), Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka20040623-japanese.pdf.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Crip Utopia.
Tongue-in-cheek science fiction. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/ratzkacu.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Brief Description of the Swedish Personal Assistance Act of 1994 (LASS).
For the "International Survey of Personal Assistance Schemes." Internet publication URLs: www.independentliving.org/docs1/ratzka1998lass.html and www.independentliving.org/panetwork/questionnaire.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2014.  Nej till åldersbegränsningen av mänskliga rättigheter! Ja till personlig assistans efter behov inte ålder!. Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. 21(3-4):7.
Människor som förvärvar sitt funktionshinder efter 65 år missgynnas i jämförelse med de som får en funktionsnedsättning i yngre år: enligt den nuvarande lagen om assistansersättning (LSS) kan de inte få assistansersättning som skulle förbättra deras livskvaliet enligt Adolf Ratzka, verksamhetsledare för Independent Living Institute. Personlig assistans är så mycket billigare per timme än kommunal hemtjänst och andra kommunala insatser och samtidigt så mycket effektivare, hävdar debattartikelns författare, att man borde räkna på de samhällsekonomiska effekterna av att utöka rätten till assistansersättning till alla människor med assistansbehov oavsett ålder eller personkrets.Artikeln publicerades först i Social Vetenskaplig Tidskrift Årgång 21, Nummer 3-4, 2014
PDF icon Nej till åldersbegränsningen av mänskliga rättigheter (124.24 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2002.  IT and disabled people's employment: opportunities and limits, The example of the Independent Living Institute.
Ratzka, Director, Independent Living Institute, describes some of the features of the Institute's Website and shows some of the possibilities offered by the internet to individuals with disabilities and their organizations. Pointing out the qualifications that working in this environment requires he concludes that IT cannot materially improve disabled people's employment situation as long as they do not have equal access to education, housing and transportation services. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/ratzka20020201.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1991.  The case for accessibility legislation in a market economy." .
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/cib/cibbudapest28.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Spänningen stiger - vem har rätt angående priset för en rättvis taxiordning.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/ratzka20030526.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1999.  Taxi för alla: Förslag till pilotprojekt.
För allmänheten utgör taxin ett viktigt komplement till de kollektiva färdmedlen buss, pendeltåg, spårvagn eller tunnelbana. För människor med funktionshinder gäller det i ännu högre grad. Vi vill visa att enkla och eleganta lösningar kan förbättra även vår rörlighet i stadstrafiken. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/taxiSv.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Kompromissförslag för rullstolstaxi, Till Stockholms läns landstingsfullmäktige.
Internet publikation URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/ratzka20031005.html (In Swedish).  
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2004.  Richtlinien für eine beispielhafte nationale Gesetzgebung für persönliche Assistenz.
Die meisten Menschen, die bei alltäglichen Verrichtungen, wie beispielsweise beim Aufstehen, beim Gang zur Toilette oder beim Baden auf Hilfe von anderen angewiesen sind, haben lediglich die Wahl zwischen einem sehr eingeschränkten Leben in einem Wohnheim oder im Elternhaus. Wie muss eine ideale nationale Gesetzgebung aussehen, die es ihnen mit Hilfe von Persönlicher Assistenz ermöglicht, als gleichwertige Bürgerinnen und Bürger vollumfänglich am gesellschaftlichen Leben teilzunehmen und den ihnen zustehenden Platz in der Gesellschaft, d.h. in ihren Familien, ihrer Nachbarschaft, und am Arbeitsplatz einzunehmen? Das Euro­päische Kompetenzzentrum für Persönliche Assistenz ECEPA ist ein Projekt, das von Menschen geleitet wird, die selbst auf persönliche Assistenz angewiesen sind. Die vorliegenden Gesetzgebungsrichtlinien entstanden aus deren gemeinsamen konkreten Erfahrungen mit den verschiedenen Systemen der persönlichen Assistenz in acht europäischen Ländern. Ein Projekt des Europäischen Kompetenzzentrums für Persönliche Assistenz, European Center for Excellence in Personal Assistance (ECEPA); Internetveröffentlichung: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200410a-de.html und www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200410a-de.pdf (59 KB). Übersetzung für die deutschsprachige Schweiz durch ZSL Zürich, Mai 2006.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1996.  Persönliche Assistenz in Schweden.
Independent Living oder Selbsbestimmt Leben ist eine weltweite Bewegung von Menschen mit Behinderungen, die gegen Aussonderung, Bevormundung und Diskriminierung arbeiten und für volle Bürgerrechte, Selbstbestimmung und Selbstrespekt kämpfen. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/PersAssistenzinSchweden.html (in German).
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  Projektansökan Assistanstips. PDF icon Ansokan_Assistanstips_ursprungliga_bilaga.pdf (313.64 KB)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2003.  Checklist for Organizing Independent Living Events.
In this checklist the author covers the steps of planning, event format, event contents and media work which are crucial to the success of a workshop, training session, seminar or conference on Independent Living. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs6/ratzka200308a.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1988.  Aufstand der Betreuten - Selbstrespekt als Richtschnur.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/ratzka88a.html (in German.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Personlig assistans och Disability Pride.
Adolf Ratzka pratar om "disability pride" genom hans egna erfarenheter och behovet av personlig assistans för att kunna känna sig oberoende och stolt. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs4/pride93b.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2017.  Adolf Ratzka awarded ULOBAs 2017 Pride Award.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1984.  Costs and Benefits of Accessible Environments: A Case Study.
Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/cib/cibsthlm4.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1993.  Independent Living och dagens socialpolitik.
I: Institutet för Independent Living. 1993. "Hemtjänst i omdaning - möjligheter och decentraliseringens och privatiseringens tid, Dokumentation av STIL-hearing Stockholm 1993." Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/stil1993.html#1 (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2008.  No shortcuts on the road to employment for persons with disabilities.
Internet publication URL: http://www.independentliving.org/ratzka20080708
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  Direct Payment Schemes in Slovakia.
In 1997 the Independent Living Institute successfully bid for projects in the Slovak Republic within the European PHARE program: a personal assistance delivery scheme using direct cash payments and a accessible mainstream taxi system with a subsidy scheme for disabled riders. The article discusses some of the difficulties and opportunities that user-initiated and user-run solutions entail in post-communist societies. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs3/slovakia.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2011.  Independent Living for People with Disabilities of All Ages.
Given the increasing number of older persons relative to the working age population, record level taxes and baby boomers’ demands for self-determination and quality of life, which changes might the Scandinavian welfare model have to undergo in order to deliver long term care to all who need it? In Sweden, direct payments for personal assistance are paid to mainly younger persons with extensive disabilities. In terms of perceived quality and cost per hour of service, direct payments have been found to be more efficient than traditional local government services. But would this favorable experience hold for all persons in need of assistance with the activities of daily living – regardless of age, diagnosis and minimum needs? What would be such a policy’s cost and effects on the labor market? How could it be financed? Would it threaten younger disabled persons’ relative favorable present situation? Today’s Swedish policy of cash payments for the purchase of personal assistance services might be of interest as a long term care solution for tomorrow’s older persons.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2004.  The Swedish Personal Assistance Act of 1994.
Presentation in Helsinki, Finland, 2004-10-14. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs7/ratzka200410b.html
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1995.  Institutioner eller Personlig Assistans: Ett exempel från Costa Rica.
Är institutioner verkligen bästa platsen för äldre att tillbringa sina sista år? Är det verkligen den bästa uppväxten för barn? Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/InstitutionsCostaRicaSv.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  1998.  I kläm mellan laissez faire och den sociala ingenjörskonsten.
Skillnaderna mellan hemtjänst och personlig assistans - en diskussion med en granskning av de olika socialpolitiska instrument som finns på vårt område. Internet publication URL: www.independentliving.org/docs5/i_klam.html (In Swedish.)
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2012.  The Independent Living movement paved the way: Origins of personal assistance in Sweden. Perspectives on personal assistance.
Dr. Adolf Ratzka.  2002.  Projektet ‘Taxi för Alla’ (PDF, 60 KB).
Nollåtta. DHR Stockholmavdelning. No. 6, dec. 2002, s. 14. Internet publikation URL: www.independentliving.org/taxi/nollatta200212s14.pdf (PDF, 60 KB).